<*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> *n><*n lang="EN-US">6082*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">属于*n><*n lang="EN-US">6×××*n><*n style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">系列(*n><*n lang="EN-US">Al-Mg-Si*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">)合金铝板,是能够热处理可强化的铝合金板材,具有中等强度和良好的焊接性能、耐腐蚀性,主要用于交通运输和结构工程工业。如桥梁、起重机、屋顶构架、运输机、运输船等。近年来,随着国内外造船业突飞猛进的发展,减轻船体自重,****船速,寻求代替钢铁部件的铝合金材料,已成为铝加工业和造船业面临的重要课题。*n><*n lang="EN-US">6082*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">铝合金铝板具有中等强度和良好的耐蚀性,重量又轻,是制造高速船部件的理想材料。*n><*n lang="EN-US"> *n>
<*n lang="EN-US">6082*n><*n style="font-family:宋体; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">铝合金的化学成分*n>
<*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> 硅*n><*n lang="EN-US">Si*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">:*n><*n lang="EN-US">0.7*n><*n style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">~*n><*n lang="EN-US">-.3*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">;*n>
<*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">铁*n><*n lang="EN-US">Fe*n><*n style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">:*n><*n lang="EN-US">5.0*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">;*n><*n lang="EN-US"> *n>
<*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> 铜*n><*n lang="EN-US">Cu*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">:*n><*n lang="EN-US">0.10*n><*n style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">;*n><*n lang="EN-US"> *n>
<*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> 锰*n><*n lang="EN-US">Mn*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">:*n><*n lang="EN-US">0.4*n><*n style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">~*n><*n lang="EN-US">1.0*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">;*n><*n lang="EN-US"> *n>
<*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> 镁*n><*n lang="EN-US">Mg*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">:*n><*n lang="EN-US">0.6*n><*n style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">~*n><*n lang="EN-US">1.2*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">;*n><*n lang="EN-US"> *n>
<*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> 铬*n><*n lang="EN-US">Cr*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">:*n><*n lang="EN-US">0.25*n><*n style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">;*n><*n lang="EN-US"> *n>
<*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> 锌*n><*n lang="EN-US">Zn:0.20*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">;*n><*n lang="EN-US"> *n>
<*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> 钛*n><*n lang="EN-US">Ti*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">:*n><*n lang="EN-US">0.10*n><*n style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">;*n><*n lang="EN-US"> *n>
<*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> 铝*n><*n lang="EN-US">AL*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">:余量。*n><*n lang="EN-US"> *n>
<*n lang="EN-US">6082*n><*n style="font-family:宋体; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">铝合金的力学性能*n>
<*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> *拉强度*n><*n lang="EN-US">σb (MPa)*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">:*n><*n lang="EN-US">≥205 *n>
<*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> 条件屈服强度*n><*n lang="EN-US">σ0.2 (MPa)*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">:*n><*n lang="EN-US">≥110 *n>
<*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> 伸长率*n><*n lang="EN-US">δ10 (%)*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">:*n><*n lang="EN-US">≥14 *n>
<*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> 注*n> <*n style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">:型材室温纵向力学性能*n><*n lang="EN-US"> *n>
<*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> 试样尺寸:所有厚度*n><*n lang="EN-US"> *n>
<*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> 均匀化温度:*n><*n lang="EN-US">555-565*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体">℃*n><*n style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">保温时间:*n><*n lang="EN-US">3*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">小时,冷却速度*n><*n lang="EN-US">≥200*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体">℃*n><*n lang="EN-US">/ *n>
<*n lang="EN-US">6082*n><*n style="font-family:宋体; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">铝合金的热处理工艺*n>
<*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> *n><*n lang="EN-US">1*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">、熔炼*n><*n lang="EN-US"> *n>
<*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> *n><*n lang="EN-US">6082*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">合金特点是含*n><*n lang="EN-US">Mn*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">,*n><*n lang="EN-US">Mn*n><*n style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">是难熔金属,熔炼温度应控制在*n><*n lang="EN-US">740-760*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体">℃*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">。取样前均匀搅拌两次以上,保证金属完全熔化、温度准确、成分均匀。搅拌后在铝液深度的中部、炉膛左右两侧各取一个样进行分析,分折合格后即可转炉。*n><*n lang="EN-US"> *n>
<*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> *n><*n lang="EN-US">2*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">、净化与铸造*n><*n lang="EN-US"> *n>
<*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> 熔体转入静置炉后,用氮气和精炼剂进行喷粉、喷气精炼,精炼温度*n><*n lang="EN-US">735-745*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体">℃*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">,时间*n><*n lang="EN-US">15*n><*n style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">分钟,精炼完后静置*n><*n lang="EN-US">30*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">分钟。通过此过程除气、除渣、净化熔体。*n><*n lang="EN-US"> *n>
<*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman""> 熔铸时在铸模至炉口间有两道过滤装置,炉口有泡沫陶瓷过滤板*n><*n lang="EN-US">(30PPI)*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">过滤,铸造前用*n><*n lang="EN-US">14*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">目玻璃纤维丝布过滤,充分滤去熔体中的氧化物、夹渣。*n><*n lang="EN-US"> *n>
<*n lang="EN-US">6082*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">合金铝板铸造温度偏高*n><*n lang="EN-US">(*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">较*n><*n lang="EN-US">6063*n><*n style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">铝板正常工艺*n><*n lang="EN-US">)*n><*n style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">,铸造速度偏低,水流量偏大,上述工艺需严格控制,不能超出范围,否则容易导致铸造失败。*n>