<*n class="15" style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:12pt;">45#*n><*n class="15" style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:12pt;">一般指45钢 *n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">45<*n>钢是*n><*n>GB*n><*n>中的叫法,也叫*n><*n>“*n>*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">油钢*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">”<*n>。市场现货*n>*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">热轧*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">居多;*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">冷轧*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">规格<*n>1.0~4.0*n>*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">mm*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">之间。*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">中文名*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">45<*n>号钢 *n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">JIS<*n>名称*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">S45C *n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">ASTM<*n>名称*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">1045 *n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">别<*n> *n><*n>称*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">油钢 *n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">冷轧规格*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">1.0~4.0mm *n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">碳含量*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">0.42~0.50% *n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">常用中碳调质结构钢。该钢冷塑性一般,退火、正火比调质时要稍好,具有较高的强度和较好的切削加工性,经适当的热处理以后可获得一定的韧性、塑性和*性,材料来源方便。适合于*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">氢焊*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">和*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*弧焊*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">,不太适合于气焊。焊前需预热,焊后应进行去应力退火。*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">正火可****硬度小于<*n>160*n>*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">HBS*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">毛坯的切削性能。该钢经调质处理后,其综合力学性能要优化于其他中碳结构钢,但该钢*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">淬透性*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">较低,水中临界淬透直径为<*n>12~17mm*n><*n>,水淬时有开裂倾向。当直径大于*n><*n>80mm*n><*n>时,经调质或正火后,其力学性能相近,对中、小型模具零件进行调质处理后可获得较高的强度和韧性,而大型零件,则以正火处理为宜,所以,此钢通常在调质或正火状态下使用。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:bold;">液相线温度*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">1495℃<*n>左右,碳含量*n><*n>0.42~0.50%*n><*n>。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">参考对应钢号:中国<*n>GB*n><*n>标准钢号*n><*n>45*n><*n>;日本*n>*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">JIS*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">标准钢号<*n>S45C/S48C*n><*n>;德国*n>*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">DIN*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">标准材料钢号<*n>1.0503*n><*n>;德国*n><*n>DIN*n><*n>标准钢号*n><*n>****5*n><*n>;英国*n>*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">BS*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">标准钢号<*n>I****5/080A47*n><*n>;法国*n><*n>AFNOR*n><*n>标准钢号*n><*n>C****5*n><*n>;法国*n>*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">NF<*n>标准*n>*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">钢号<*n>****5*n><*n>;意大利*n><*n>UNI*n><*n>标准钢号*n><*n>****5*n><*n>;*n>*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">比利时*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">NBN<*n>标准钢号*n><*n>****5-1*n><*n>;*n>*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">瑞典*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">SS<*n>标准钢号*n><*n>1650*n><*n>;西班牙标准钢号*n><*n>F.114*n><*n>;美国*n><*n>AISI/SAE*n><*n>标准钢号*n><*n>1045*n><*n>;*n>*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*化**n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">ISO<*n>标准钢号*n><*n>****5E4*n><*n>。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:bold;">力学性能*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">正火:<*n>850 *n><*n> ;*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">淬火:<*n>840 *n><*n> ;*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">回火:<*n>600 *n><*n> ;*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*拉强度:不小于<*n>600Mpa *n><*n> ;*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">屈服强度:不小于<*n>355Mpa *n><*n> ;*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">伸长率:<*n>16*n>% ;*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">收缩率:<*n>40% *n><*n> ;*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">冲击功:<*n>39J *n><*n> ;*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">钢材交货状态硬度:*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">热轧钢:<*n>≤229HB*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">退火钢:<*n>≤197HB*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">主要成分为 *n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">Fe*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">(*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">铁元素*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">),且含有以下少量元素:*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">C*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">:<*n>0.42~0.50%*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">Si*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">:<*n>0.17~0.37%*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">Mn*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">:<*n>0.50~0.80%*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">P<*n>: *n><*n>≤0.035%*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">S<*n>: *n><*n>≤0.035%*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">Cr*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">:<*n>≤0.25%*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">Ni*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">:<*n>≤0.25%*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">Cu*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">:<*n>≤0.25%*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">密度<*n>7.85g/cm3*n><*n>,*n>*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">弹性模量*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">210GPa<*n>,*n>*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">泊松比*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">0.269<*n>。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:bold;">热处理*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">推荐*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">热处理*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">温度:*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">正火*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">850<*n>,*n>*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">淬火*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">840<*n>,*n>*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">回火*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">600<*n>。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">1. 45<*n>号钢淬火后没有回火之前,硬度大于*n>*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">HRC*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">55<*n>(****可达*n><*n>HRC62)*n><*n>为合格。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">实际应用的****硬度为<*n>HRC55*n><*n>(*n>*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">高频淬火*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">HRC58)<*n>。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">2.45<*n>号钢不要采用渗碳淬火的热处理工艺。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:bold;">渗碳处理*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">一般用于表面*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">**n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">、芯部耐冲击的重载零件,其*性比调质<*n>+*n><*n>表面淬火高。其表面含碳量*n><*n>0.8*n><*n>--*n><*n>1.2%*n><*n>,芯部一般在*n><*n>0.1*n><*n>--*n><*n>0.25%*n><*n>(特殊情况下采用*n><*n>0.35%*n><*n>)。经热处理后,表面可以获得很高的硬度*n><*n>(HRC58*n><*n>--*n><*n>62)*n><*n>,芯部硬度低,耐冲击。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">如果用<*n>45*n><*n>号钢渗碳,淬火后芯部会出现硬脆的马氏体,失去渗碳处理的优点。采用渗碳工艺的材料,含碳量都不高,到*n><*n>0.30%*n><*n>芯部强度已经可以达到很高,应用上不多见。*n><*n>0.35%*n><*n>从来没见过实例,只在教科书里有介绍。可以采用调质*n><*n>+*n><*n>高频表面淬火的工艺,*性较渗碳略差。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:bold;">加工处理规范*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">冷压*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">毛胚*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">软化处理规范:温度<*n>740~760℃*n><*n>,保温时间*n><*n>4~6h*n><*n>,以*n><*n>50~100℃/h*n><*n>的冷速,随炉降至温度*n><*n>≤600℃*n><*n>,出炉空冷,处理前硬度*n><*n>≤197HBS*n><*n>,处理后硬度*n><*n>≤156HBS*n><*n>。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">正火规范:正火温度<*n>850-870℃*n><*n>,正火后硬度*n><*n>170-217HBS*n><*n>。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">调质处理规范:*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">淬火温度*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">840±10℃<*n>,*n>*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">水冷淬火*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">;回火温度<*n>600±10℃*n><*n>,出炉空冷。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:bold;">执行标准中*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">GB/T699-1999<*n>标准规定的*n><*n>45*n><*n>钢推荐热处理温度为*n><*n>850℃*n><*n>正火、*n><*n>840℃*n><*n>淬火、*n><*n>600℃*n><*n>回火,达到的性能为屈服强度*n><*n>≥355MPa*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">GB/T699-1999<*n>标准规定*n><*n>45*n><*n>钢*拉强度*n><*n>≥600MPa*n><*n>,屈服强度*n><*n>≥355MPa*n><*n>,伸长率*n><*n>≥16%*n><*n>,断面收缩率*n><*n>≥40%*n><*n>,冲击功为*n><*n>39J*n><*n>。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">45<*n>钢调质硬度在*n><*n>HRC20~HRC30*n><*n>之间;*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">45<*n>钢淬火硬度在*n><*n>HRC55~58*n><*n>之间*n><*n>,*n><*n>****限值可达*n><*n>HRC62*n><*n>;*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">45<*n>钢要放置*n><*n>15-20*n><*n>天才能使用*n><*n>,*n><*n>是因为要进行时效处理*n><*n>,*n><*n>使钢的性能稳定下来,*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">实际应用的****硬度为<*n>HRC55*n><*n>(高频淬火*n><*n>HRC58*n><*n>)。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">45<*n>钢为****碳素结构用钢,硬度不高易切削加工,模具中常用来做模板,梢子,导柱等,但须热处理 。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">1. 45<*n>钢淬火后没有回火之前,硬度大于*n><*n>HRC55*n><*n>(****可达*n><*n>HRC62*n><*n>)为合格。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">实际应用的****硬度为<*n>HRC55*n><*n>(高频淬火*n><*n>HRC58*n><*n>)。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">2. 45<*n>钢不要采用渗碳淬火的热处理工艺。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">调质处理后零件具有良好的综合机械性能,广泛应用于各种重要的结构零件,特别是那些在交变负荷下工作的*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">连杆*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">、*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">螺栓*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">、*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">齿轮*n><*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">及轴类等。但表面硬度较低,不*。可用调质<*n>+*n><*n>表面淬火****零件表面硬度。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">品名*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">规格/mm*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">材质*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">品名*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">规格/mm*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">材质*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">光亮圆棒*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">3.0-25*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">热轧钢板*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">4-10*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">热轧圆钢*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">12-50*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;"> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">8-10*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">热轧圆钢*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">Ф100-130*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;"> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">12-16*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">热轧圆钢*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">Ф140-150*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">热轧钢板*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">18-20*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">热轧圆钢*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">Ф160-170*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">热轧钢板*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">22-28*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">热轧圆钢*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">Ф16-40*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">热轧钢板*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">30-34*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">热轧圆钢*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">Ф16-45*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;"> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">35-75*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">热轧圆钢*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">Ф180-200*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;"> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">75-80*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">热轧圆钢*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">Ф200-280*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">锻打钢板*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">80-100*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">热轧圆钢*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">290-500*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">锻打钢板*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">100-150*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">热轧圆钢*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">500-1500*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">锻打钢板*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">150*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">热轧圆钢*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">Ф50-70*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">锻打钢板*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">160*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">热轧圆钢*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">Ф50-90*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">锻打钢板*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">170*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">热轧圆钢*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">Ф50-95*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">锻打钢板*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;">180*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="color:#000000;font-family:宋体;font-size:9pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;">45#*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:9pt;">*n> |
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:bold;">轴类零件特点*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">轴类零件是机器中经常遇到的典型零件之一。它主要用来支承传动零*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">部件,传递扭矩和承受载荷。轴类零件是旋转体零件,其长度大于直径,一般由同心轴的外圆柱面、圆锥面、内孔和螺纹及相应的端面所组成。根据结构形状的不同,轴类零件可分为光轴、阶梯轴、空心轴和曲轴等。*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">轴的长径比小于<*n>5*n><*n>的称为短轴,大于*n><*n>20*n><*n>的称为细长轴,大多数轴介于两者之间。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">轴用轴承支承,与轴承配合的轴段称为轴颈。轴颈是轴的装配基准,它们的精度和表面质量一般要求较高,其技术要求一般根据轴的主要功用和工作条件制定,通常有以下几项:*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">(一)尺寸精度 起支承作用的轴颈为了确定轴的位置,通常对其尺寸精度要求较高<*n>(IT5*n><*n>~*n><*n>IT7)*n><*n>。装配传动件的轴颈尺寸精度一般要求较低*n><*n>(IT6*n><*n>~*n><*n>IT9)*n><*n>。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">(二)几何形状精度 轴类零件的几何形状精度主要是指轴颈、外锥面、莫氏锥孔等的圆度、圆柱度等,一般应将其公差限制在尺寸公差范围内。对精度要求较高的内外圆表面,应在图纸上标注其允许偏差。*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">(三)相互位置精度 轴类零件的位置精度要求主要是由轴在机械中的位置和功用决定的。通常应保证装配传动件的轴颈对支承轴颈的同轴度要求,否则会影响传动件(齿轮等)的传动精度,并产生噪声。普通精度的轴,其配合轴段对支承轴颈的径向跳动一般为<*n>0.01*n><*n>~*n><*n>0.03mm,*n><*n>*轴(如主轴)通常为*n><*n>0.001*n><*n>~*n><*n>0.005mm*n><*n>。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">(四)表面粗糙度 一般与传动件相配合的轴径表面粗糙度为<*n>Ra2.5*n><*n>~*n><*n>0.63μm,*n><*n>与轴承相配合的支承轴径的表面粗糙度为*n><*n>Ra0.63*n><*n>~*n><*n>0.16μm*n><*n>。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:bold;">毛坯和材料*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">(一)轴类零件的毛坯 轴类零件可根据使用要求、生产类型、设备条件及结构,选用棒料、锻件等毛坯形式。对于外圆直径相差不大的轴,一般以棒料为主;而对于外圆直径相差大的阶梯轴或重要的轴,常选用锻件,这样既节约材料又减少机械加工的工作量,还可****机械性能。*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">根据生产规模的不同,毛坯的锻造方式有自由锻和模锻两种。中小批生产多采用自由锻,大批大量生产时采用模锻。*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">(二)轴类零件的材料 轴类零件应根据不同的工作条件和使用要求选用不同的材料并采用不同的热处理规范(如调质、正火、淬火等),以获得一定的强度、韧性和*性。*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">45<*n>钢是轴类零件的常用材料,它价格便宜经过调质(或正火)后,可得到较好的切削性能,而且能获得较高的强度和韧性等综合机械性能,淬火后表面硬度可达*n><*n>45*n><*n>~*n><*n>52HRC*n><*n>。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">40Cr<*n>等合金结构钢适用于中等精度而转速较高的轴类零件,这类钢经调质和淬火后,具有较好的综合机械性能。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">轴承钢<*n>GCr15*n><*n>和弹簧钢*n><*n>65Mn,*n><*n>经调质和表面高频淬火后,表面硬度可达*n><*n>50*n><*n>~*n><*n>58HRC,*n><*n>并具有较高的耐疲劳性能和较好的*性能,可制造较*的轴。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">精密机床的主轴(例如磨床砂轮轴、坐标镗床主轴)可选用<*n>38CrMoAIA*n><*n>氮化钢。这种钢经调质和表面氮化后,不仅能获得很高的表面硬度,而且能保持较软的芯部,因此耐冲击韧性好。与渗碳淬火钢比较,它有热处理变形很小,硬度更高的特性。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">45<*n>号钢广泛用于机械制造,这种钢的机械性能很好。但是这是一种中碳钢,淬火性能并不好, *n><*n>45*n><*n>号钢可以淬硬至*n><*n>HR****2~46*n><*n>。所以如果需要表面硬度,又希望发挥*n><*n>45#*n><*n>钢优越的机械性能,常将*n><*n>45#*n><*n>钢表面淬火(高频淬火或者直接淬火),这样就能得到需要的表面硬度。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">注:直径为<*n>8―12mm*n><*n>的*n><*n>45*n><*n>号钢淬火时容易产生裂纹,这是一个较为复杂的问题。采取的措施是淬火时试样在水中快速搅动,或者采用油冷,可避免出现裂纹。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:bold;">在模具修补领域*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">45<*n>号钢所针对的模具焊材型号为:*n><*n>CMC-E45*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">它是****接合性较好之中硬度钢焊条,适用于空*、铸钢:如<*n>ICD5*n><*n>、*n><*n>7CrSiMnMoV…*n><*n>等等。汽车板金覆盖件模具及大型五金板金冲压模具之拉延、拉伸部位修补,也可用于硬面制作。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">另外在使用时也有一些需要注意的:*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">1. <*n>于潮湿场地施工前,焊条先以*n><*n>150-200°C*n><*n>烘干*n><*n>30-50*n><*n>分钟。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">2. <*n>通常施以*n><*n>200°C*n><*n>以上预热,焊接后空冷,可能的话****实施应力消除。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">3. <*n>需多层堆焊处,以*n><*n>CMC-E30N*n><*n>打底,可得到较好的焊接效果。*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">硬度 <*n>HRC 48-52*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">主要成份 <*n>Cr Si Mn C*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">适用电流范围:*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">直径及长度<*n>m/m 3.2*350mm 4.0*350mm*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>
<*n style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:10.5pt;">电流范围<*n>(Amp) 70-100 130-150*n>*n><*n style="color:#000000;font-family:Calibri;font-size:10.5pt;">*n>